Figure 4: Computed (u,v) coordinates (quarter-size) - only low-order bits are shown.

(a) Gray code estimates: horizontal and vertical codes

(b) sine wave estimates: horizontal codes, showing low-order bits and confidence.
These results are not as clean as the Gray code estimates.

Darker exposure (0.1 sec), after f=1 and f=10.
Note poor resolution for f=1, unknown estimates in dark image regions (UL corner):

Lighter exposure (0.5 sec), after f=1 and f=10.
Note poor estimates in bright regions (matchbox):

Merged results: u estimate and confidence. Black pixels in confidence image are unknown.